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Changes sent shockwaves across China’s $120bn private tutoring sector, leading to a huge sell-off in listed firms.
China’s private education firms are bracing for a “material” hit to their operations after Beijing announced new rules barring for-profit tutoring in core school subjects to ease financial pressures on families.
China unveiled a sweeping overhaul of its $100 billion education tech sector, banning companies that teach the school curriculum from making profits, raising capital or going public.
News of the rule changes on Friday, after a leaked document circulated on social media, sent shockwaves through China’s $120bn private tutoring sector and triggered a massive sell-off in the shares of companies including US-listed TAL Education Group and Gaotu Techedu.
Chinese regulators on Saturday published reforms that will fundamentally alter the business model of private firms teaching the school curriculum, as Beijing aims to overhaul a sector it says has been “hijacked by capital”. The new regulations ban firms that teach school curricula from making a profit, raising capital or going public. Regulators also said no new licences will be granted.
TAL said in its statement on Sunday that it expects the new rules to have a “material adverse impact on its after-school tutoring services … which in turn may adversely affect” its operations and prospects. It did not elaborate.
TAL’s New York-listed shares plunged 71 percent on Friday.
New Oriental Education & Technology Group Inc, Koolearn Technology Holding Ltd, Scholar Education Group, and China Beststudy Education Group made similar statements on Monday.
China’s education industry sub-index dropped 8 percent in Monday morning trade, while Hong Kong-listed shares of New Oriental, Koolearn, Scholar Education and China Beststudy tumbled between 30 percent and 40 percent.
The “worst-case became a reality,” wrote JPMorgan Chase & Co analysts in a note, saying it was uncertain whether the companies could remain listed. “It’s unclear what level of restructuring the companies should undergo with a new regime and, in our view, this makes these stocks virtually un-investable.”
New Regulations for China’s Education Sector:
- Companies and institutions that teach the school curriculum must go non-profit
- Such institutions cannot pursue IPOs, or take foreign capital
- Listed companies will be prohibited from issuing stock or raising money in capital markets to invest in school-subject tutoring institutions, or acquiring their assets via stock or cash
- Foreign firms are banned from acquiring or holding shares in school curriculum tutoring institutions, or using VIEs (variable interest entities) to do so. Those already in violation need to rectify the situation
- All vacation and holiday curriculum tutoring is off-limits
- Online tutoring and school-curriculum teaching for kids below six years of age is forbidden
- Agencies cannot teach foreign curriculums or hire foreigners outside of China to teach
Online tutoring agencies will also be forbidden from accepting students under the age of six. To make up for the shortfall, China will improve the quality of state-run online education services and make them free of charge, the State Council said.
“All regions can no longer approve new subject-based off-campus training institutions for students in the compulsory education stage, and existing subject-based training institutions are uniformly registered as non-profit institutions,” according to the State Council notice.
Under Scrutiny
China’s for-profit education sector has been under scrutiny as part of Beijing’s push to ease pressure on school children and reduce a cost burden on parents that has contributed to a drop in birth rates.
“The company is considering appropriate compliance measures to be taken, and expects such measures to have material adverse impact on its afterschool tutoring services…,” New Oriental Education said in a statement.
Online education services provider Koolearn, which expects its after-school tutoring services to be affected, said it will comply with the relevant rules when providing educational services.
Scholar Education said authorities had yet to provide details around the implementation of the rules and there were uncertainties as to when and how such rules will become specifically applicable to the group.
“The company is in communication with the regulatory authority and will make appropriate adjustment of its business model whenever needed to ensure the compliance with the new policies under the opinions,” China Beststudy Education said.
“I personally have always stayed away from the education sector as regulations have been changing erratically for many years,” said Dave Wang, portfolio manager at Nuvest Capital in Singapore.
“But the broader view is that the Chinese government has always been more particular on sectors that have widespread social implications. The increasing difficulty for investors and companies is that the boundary seems to be extending … (and) no one knows what might be next.”
In May, China said it would allow couples to have up to three children, from two previously.
The latest reforms follow an unprecedented pace of regulatory tightening from Beijing, amid crackdowns on industries from tech to real estate. The government’s moves to rein in the nation’s powerful tech firms such as Jack Ma’s Ant Group Co and Didi Global Inc have sent global investors fleeing. A campaign to cut leverage in the property industry has also weighed on builder shares, with a Hong Kong gauge of related firms falling to its lowest since February.
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